Orbitals Studio — atoms H→Og · main molecules

Element

1s¹

Select from Periodic table (top right).

Screening

Z_eff 1.00

Green chips = occupied in ground config. Slater Z_eff = Z − σ for the active orbital.

Quantum numbers

n → ℓ (0…n−1) → m (−ℓ…ℓ). Every subshell and magnetic state.

n 1

ℓ (subshell)

m (magnetic)

angular basis

animate phase / face colors

n=1, ℓ=0, m=0 · 1s

Molecule

H₂

Select from Main molecules (top right).

points…

Nuclear geometry

Correlation diagram idea: atoms far apart → molecule at R_eq → united atom (nuclei merged).

R scale 1.00×

R_eq · scale

Electronic state

config…

Atomic centers (AO)

View hydrogenic probability clouds on each atom in the molecule (s / p / d / f).

MO energy levels

Bonding / antibonding ladder. HOMO and LUMO highlighted; gap shown below.

HOMO–LUMO gap…

HOMO…

Orbital animation

phase / face-color pulse (s·p·d·f)

Electron field

Active MO follows the ladder. State density ≈ Σ n_i |φ_i|² (occupied levels). Educational STO-LCAO — not ab initio.

Vib / rot (estimates)

…

symmetry · model notes

Potential energy (3D)

Morse: spectroscopic D_e, r_e, ω_e · LJ: noble-gas dimers · surface: schematic

Render mode

Color

ψ < 0nodeψ > 0

cool = ψ < 0 warm = ψ > 0

Phase convention: real orbital ψ; warm/cool map sign(ψ); nodal surfaces where ψ = 0 (radial: n−ℓ−1 shells; angular: ℓ nodal planes/cones).

Physics lab

Pick a mode, then drag the sliders. Use Volume render (not Iso). Effects are continuous — not just on/off.

E-field (Stark) slides orbital + nucleus along +z.
B-field (Zeeman) stretches the cloud along B and spins lobes (see help below).
Vib amplitude = nuclear stretch strength — molecules only (Main → H₂ → Vibrate nuclei).

E-field (Stark → z) 0.00 B-field (Zeeman → z) 0.00 Vib amp = bond stretch 0.45

Normal · F=0 · B=0

Display

nucleus axes grid planes radial P(r) 3D (spherical)

Blend cloud ↔ ridge: use Appearance → Cloud / P(r) blend (right panel).

auto-rotate